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[[Category:Nectar of Instruction (1975)|N05]]
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==== TEXT FIVE ====

<div class="verse">
:kṛṣṇeti yasya giri taṁ manasādriyeta
:dīkṣāsti cet praṇatibhiś ca bhajantam īśam
:śuśrūṣayā bhajana-vijñam ananyam anya-
:nindādi-śūnya-hṛdam īpsita-saṅga-labdhyā
</div>

==== SYNONYMS ====

<div class="synonyms">
''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=kṛṣṇa&tab=syno_o&ds=1 kṛṣṇa]'' — the holy name of Lord Kṛṣṇa; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=iti&tab=syno_o&ds=1 iti]'' — thus; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=yasya&tab=syno_o&ds=1 yasya]'' — of whom; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=giri&tab=syno_o&ds=1 giri]'' — in the words or speech; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=tam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 tam]'' — him; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=manasā&tab=syno_o&ds=1 manasā]'' — by the mind; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=ādriyeta&tab=syno_o&ds=1 ādriyeta]'' — one must honour; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=dīkṣā&tab=syno_o&ds=1 dīkṣā]'' — initiation; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=asti&tab=syno_o&ds=1 asti]'' — there is; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=cet&tab=syno_o&ds=1 cet]'' — if; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=praṇatibhiḥ&tab=syno_o&ds=1 praṇatibhiḥ]'' — by obeisances; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=ca&tab=syno_o&ds=1 ca]'' — also; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=bhajantam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 bhajantam]'' — engaged in devotional service; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=īśam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 īśam]'' — unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=śuśrūṣayā&tab=syno_o&ds=1 śuśrūṣayā]'' — by practical service; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=bhajana&tab=syno_o&ds=1 bhajana]-[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=vijñam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 vijñam]'' — one who is advanced in devotional service; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=ananyam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 ananyam]'' — without deviation; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=anya&tab=syno_o&ds=1 anya]-[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=nindā&tab=syno_o&ds=1 nindā]-[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=ādi&tab=syno_o&ds=1 ādi]'' — of blasphemy of others, etc.; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=śūnya&tab=syno_o&ds=1 śūnya]'' — completely devoid; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=hṛdam&tab=syno_o&ds=1 hṛdam]'' — whose heart; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=īpsita&tab=syno_o&ds=1 īpsita]'' — desirable; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=saṅga&tab=syno_o&ds=1 saṅga]'' — association; ''[//vanipedia.org/wiki/Special:VaniSearch?s=labdhyā&tab=syno_o&ds=1 labdhyā]'' — by gaining.
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==== TRANSLATION ====

<div class="translation">
One should mentally honor the devotee who chants the holy name of Lord Kṛṣṇa, one should offer humble obeisances to the devotee who has undergone spiritual initiation [''dīkṣā''] and is engaged in worshiping the Deity, and one should associate with and faithfully serve that pure devotee who is advanced in undeviated devotional service and whose heart is completely devoid of the propensity to criticize others.
</div>

==== PURPORT ====

<div class="purport">
In order to intelligently apply the sixfold loving reciprocations mentioned in the previous verse, one must select proper persons with careful discrimination. Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī therefore advises that we should meet with the Vaiṣṇavas in an appropriate way, according to their particular status. In this verse he tells us how to deal with three types of devotees—the ''kaniṣṭha-adhikārī, madhyama-adhikārī'' and ''uttama-adhikārī''. The ''kaniṣṭha-adhikārī'' is a neophyte who has received the ''hari-nāma'' initiation from the spiritual master and is trying to chant the holy name of Kṛṣṇa. One should respect such a person within his mind as a ''kaniṣṭha''-vaiṣṇava. A ''madhyama-adhikārī'' has received spiritual initiation from the spiritual master and has been fully engaged by him in the transcendental loving service of the Lord. The ''madhyama-adhikārī'' should be considered to be situated midway in devotional service. The ''uttama-adhikārī'', or highest devotee, is one who is very advanced in devotional service. An ''uttama-adhikārī'' is not interested in blaspheming others, his heart is completely clean, and he has attained the realized state of unalloyed Kṛṣṇa consciousness. According to Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī, the association and service of such a ''mahā-bhāgavata'', or perfect Vaiṣṇava, are most desirable.

One should not remain a ''kaniṣṭha-adhikārī'', one who is situated on the lowest platform of devotional service and is interested only in worshiping the Deity in the temple. Such a devotee is described in the Eleventh Canto of ''Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam'' ([[SB 11.2.47]]):
<div class="verse">
:arcāyām eva haraye
:pūjāṁ yaḥ śraddhayehate
:na tad-bhakteṣu cānyeṣu
:sa bhaktaḥ prākṛtaḥ smṛtaḥ
</div>
"A person who is very faithfully engaged in the worship of the Deity in the temple, but who does not know how to behave toward devotees or people in general is called a ''prākṛta-bhakta'', or ''kaniṣṭha-adhikāri''."

One therefore has to raise himself from the position of ''kaniṣṭha-adhikārī'' to the platform of ''madhyama-adhikārī''. The ''madhyama-adhikārī'' is described in ''Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam'' ([[SB 11.2.46]]) in this way:
<div class="verse">
:īśvare tad-adhīneṣu
:bāliśeṣu dviṣatsu ca
:prema-maitrī-kṛpopekṣā
:yaḥ karoti sa madhyamaḥ
</div>
"The ''madhyama-adhikārī'' is a devotee who worships the Supreme Personality of Godhead as the highest object of love, makes friends with the Lord's devotees, is merciful to the ignorant and avoids those who are envious by nature."

This is the way to cultivate devotional service properly; therefore in this verse Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has advised us how to treat various devotees. We can see from practical experience that there are different types of Vaiṣṇavas. The ''prākṛta-sahajiyās'' generally chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa ''mahā-mantra'', yet they are attached to women, money and intoxication. Although such persons may chant the holy name of the Lord, they are not yet properly purified. Such people should be respected within one's mind, but their association should be avoided. Those who are innocent but simply carried away by bad association should be shown favor if they are eager to receive proper instructions from pure devotees, but those neophyte devotees who are actually initiated by the bona fide spiritual master and are seriously engaged in carrying out the orders of the spiritual master should be offered respectful obeisances.

In this Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement a chance is given to everyone without discrimination of caste, creed or color. Everyone is invited to join this movement, sit with us, take ''prasāda'' and hear about Kṛṣṇa. When we see that someone is actually interested in Kṛṣṇa consciousness and wants to be initiated, we accept him as a disciple for the chanting of the holy name of the Lord. When a neophyte devotee is actually initiated and engaged in devotional service by the orders of the spiritual master, he should be accepted immediately as a bona fide Vaiṣṇava, and obeisances should be offered unto him. Out of many such Vaiṣṇavas, one may be found to be very seriously engaged in the service of the Lord and strictly following all the regulative principles, chanting the prescribed number of rounds on ''japa'' beads and always thinking of how to expand the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement. Such a Vaiṣṇava should be accepted as an ''uttama-adhikārī'', a highly advanced devotee, and his association should always be sought.

The process by which a devotee becomes attached to Kṛṣṇa is described in ''Caitanya-caritāmṛta'' ([[CC Antya 4.192]]):
<div class="verse">
:dīkṣā-kāle bhakta kare ātma-samarpaṇa
:sei-kāle kṛṣṇa tāre kare ātma-sama
</div>
"At the time of initiation, when a devotee fully surrenders to the service of the Lord, Kṛṣṇa accepts him to be as good as He Himself."

''Dīkṣā'', or spiritual initiation, is explained in the ''Bhakti-sandarbha'' (868) by Śrīla Jīva Gosvāmī:
<div class="verse">
:divyaṁ jñānaṁ yato dadyāt
:kuryāt pāpasya saṅkṣayam
:tasmād dīkṣeti sā proktā
:deśikais tattva-kovidaiḥ
</div>
"By ''dīkṣā'' one gradually becomes disinterested in material enjoyment and gradually becomes interested in spiritual life."

We have seen many practical examples of this, especially in Europe and America. Many students who come to us from rich and respectable families quickly lose all interest in material enjoyment and become very eager to enter into spiritual life. Although they come from very wealthy families, many of them accept living conditions that are not very comfortable. Indeed, for Kṛṣṇa's sake they are prepared to accept any living condition as long as they can live in the temple and associate with the Vaiṣṇavas. When one becomes so disinterested in material enjoyment, he becomes fit for initiation by the spiritual master. For the advancement of spiritual life ''Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam'' ([[SB 6.1.13-14|SB 6.1.13]]) prescribes: ''tapasā brahmacaryeṇa śamena ca damena ca.'' When a person is serious about accepting ''dīkṣā'', he must be prepared to practice austerity, celibacy and control of the mind and body. If one is so prepared and is desirous of receiving spiritual enlightenment (''divyaṁ jñānam''), he is fit for being initiated. ''Divyaṁ jñānam'' is technically called ''tad-vijñāna'', or knowledge about the Supreme. ''Tad-vijñānārthaṁ sa gurum evābhigacchet'': (MU 1.2.12) when one is interested in the transcendental subject matter of the Absolute Truth, he should be initiated. Such a person should approach a spiritual master in order to take ''dīkṣā''. ''Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam'' ([[SB 11.3.21]]) also prescribes: ''tasmād guruṁ prapadyeta jijñāsuḥ śreya uttamam''. "When one is actually interested in the transcendental science of the Absolute Truth, he should approach a spiritual master."

One should not accept a spiritual master without following his instructions. Nor should one accept a spiritual master just to make a fashionable show of spiritual life. One must be ''jijñāsu'', very much inquisitive to learn from the bona fide spiritual master. The inquiries one makes should strictly pertain to transcendental science (''jijñāsuḥ śreya uttamam''). The word ''uttamam'' refers to that which is above material knowledge. ''Tama'' means "the darkness of this material world," and ''ut'' means "transcendental." Generally people are very interested in inquiring about mundane subject matters, but when one has lost such interest and is simply interested in transcendental subject matters, he is quite fit for being initiated. When one is actually initiated by the bona fide spiritual master and when he seriously engages in the service of the Lord, he should be accepted as a ''madhyama-adhikārī''.

The chanting of the holy names of Kṛṣṇa is so sublime that if one chants the Hare Kṛṣṇa ''mahā-mantra'' offenselessly, carefully avoiding the ten offenses, he can certainly be gradually elevated to the point of understanding that there is no difference between the holy name of the Lord and the Lord Himself. One who has reached such an understanding should be very much respected by neophyte devotees. One should know for certain that without chanting the holy name of the Lord offenselessly, one cannot be a proper candidate for advancement in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. In ''Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta'' ([[CC Madhya 22.69]]) it is said:
<div class="verse">
:yāhāra komala śraddhā, se 'kaniṣṭha' jana
:krame krame teṅho bhakta ha-ibe 'uttama'
</div>
"One whose faith is soft and pliable is called a neophyte, but by gradually following the process, he will rise to the platform of a first-class devotee." Everyone begins his devotional life from the neophyte stage, but if one properly finishes chanting the prescribed number of rounds of ''hari-nāma'', he is elevated step by step to the highest platform, ''uttama-adhikārī''. The Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement prescribes sixteen rounds daily because people in the Western countries cannot concentrate for long periods while chanting on beads. Therefore the minimum number of rounds is prescribed. However, Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura used to say that unless one chants at least sixty-four rounds of ''japa'' (one hundred thousand names), he is considered fallen (''patita''). According to his calculation, practically every one of us is fallen, but because we are trying to serve the Supreme Lord with all seriousness and without duplicity, we can expect the mercy of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who is famous as ''patita-pāvana'', the deliverer of the fallen.

When Śrīla Satyarāja Khān, a great devotee of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, asked the Lord how a Vaiṣṇava could be recognized, the Lord replied:
<div class="verse">
:prabhu kahe,—"yāṅra mukhe śuni eka-bāra
:kṛṣṇa-nāma, sei pūjya,—śreṣṭha sabākāra"
</div>
"If one hears a person say even once the word 'Kṛṣṇa,' that person should be accepted as the best man out of the common group." ([[CC Madhya 15.106]]) Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu continued:
<div class="verse">
:"ataeva yāṅra mukhe eka kṛṣṇa-nāma
:sei ta 'vaiṣṇava, kariha tāṅhāra sammāna"
</div>
"One who is interested in chanting the holy name of Kṛṣṇa or who by practice likes to chant Kṛṣṇa's names should be accepted as a Vaiṣṇava and offered respects as such, at least within one's mind." ([[CC Madhya 15.111]]) One of our friends, a famous English musician, has become attracted to chanting the holy names of Kṛṣṇa, and even in his records he has several times mentioned the holy name of Kṛṣṇa. At his home he offers respect to pictures of Kṛṣṇa and also to the preachers of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. In all regards, he has a very high estimation for Kṛṣṇa's name and Kṛṣṇa's activities; therefore we offer respects to him without reservation, for we are actually seeing that this gentleman is advancing gradually in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. Such a person should always be shown respect. The conclusion is that anyone who is trying to advance in Kṛṣṇa consciousness by regularly chanting the holy name should always be respected by Vaiṣṇavas. On the other hand, we have witnessed that some of our contemporaries who are supposed to be great preachers have gradually fallen into the material conception of life because they have failed to chant the holy name of the Lord.

While giving instructions to Sanātana Gosvāmī, Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu divided devotional service into three categories.
<div class="verse">
:śāstra-yukti nāhi jāne dṛḍha, śraddhāvān
:'madhyama-adhikārī' sei mahā-bhāgyavān
</div>
"A person whose conclusive knowledge of the ''śāstras'' is not very strong but who has developed firm faith in chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa ''mahā-mantra'' and who is also undeterred in the execution of his prescribed devotional service should be considered a ''madhyama-adhikārī''. Such a person is very fortunate." ([[CC Madhya 22.67]]) A ''madhyama-adhikārī'' is a ''śraddhāvān'', a staunchly faithful person, and he is actually a candidate for further advancement in devotional service. Therefore in the ''Caitanya-caritāmṛta'' ([[CC Madhya 22.64]]) it is said:
<div class="verse">
:śraddhāvān jana haya bhakti-adhikārī
:'uttama', 'madhyama', 'kaniṣṭha'—śraddhā-anusārī
</div>
"One becomes qualified as a devotee on the elementary platform, the intermediate platform and the highest platform of devotional service according to the development of his ''śraddhā'' [faith]." Again in ''Caitanya-caritāmṛta'' ([[CC Madhya 22.62]]) it is said:
<div class="verse">
:'śraddhā'-śabde—viśvāsa kahe sudṛḍha niścaya
:kṛṣṇe bhakti kaile sarva-karma kṛta haya
</div>
" 'By rendering transcendental service to Kṛṣṇa, one automatically performs all subsidiary activities.' This confident, firm faith, favorable to the discharge of devotional service, is called ''śraddhā''." ''Śraddhā'', faith in Kṛṣṇa, is the beginning of Kṛṣṇa consciousness. Faith means strong faith. The words of ''Bhagavad-gītā'' are authoritative instructions for faithful men, and whatever Kṛṣṇa says in ''Bhagavad-gītā'' is to be accepted as it is, without interpretation. This was the way Arjuna accepted ''Bhagavad-gītā''. After hearing ''Bhagavad-gītā'', Arjuna told Kṛṣṇa: ''sarvam etad ṛtaṁ manye yan māṁ vadasi keśava.'' "O Kṛṣṇa, I totally accept as truth all that You have told me." ([[BG 10.14 (1972)|BG 10.14]])

This is the correct way of understanding ''Bhagavad-gītā'', and this is called ''śraddhā''. It is not that one accepts a portion of ''Bhagavad-gītā'' according to his own whimsical interpretations and then rejects another portion. This is not ''śraddhā''. ''Śraddhā'' means accepting the instructions of ''Bhagavad-gītā'' in their totality, especially the last instruction: ''sarva-dharmān parityajya mām ekaṁ śaraṇaṁ vraja''. "Abandon all varieties of religion and just surrender unto Me." ([[BG 18.66 (1972)|BG 18.66]]) When one becomes completely faithful in regard to this instruction, one's strong faith becomes the basis for advancing in spiritual life.

When one fully engages in chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa ''mahā-mantra'', he gradually realizes his own spiritual identity. Unless one faithfully chants the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra, Kṛṣṇa does not reveal Himself: ''sevonmukhe hi jihvādau svayam eva sphuraty adaḥ.'' (Bhakti-rasāmṛta-sindhu 1.2.234) We cannot realize the Supreme Personality of Godhead by any artificial means. We must engage faithfully in the service of the Lord. Such service begins with the tongue (''sevonmukhe hi jihvādau''), which means that we should always chant the holy names of the Lord and accept ''kṛṣṇa-prasāda''. We should not chant or accept anything else. When this process is faithfully followed, the Supreme Lord reveals Himself to the devotee.

When a person realizes himself to be an eternal servitor of Kṛṣṇa, he loses interest in everything but Kṛṣṇa's service. Always thinking of Kṛṣṇa, devising means by which to spread the holy name of Kṛṣṇa, he understands that his only business is in spreading the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement all over the world. Such a person is to be recognized as an ''uttama-adhikārī'', and his association should be immediately accepted according to the six processes (''dadāti pratigṛhṇāti'', etc.). Indeed, the advanced ''uttama-adhikārī'' Vaiṣṇava devotee should be accepted as a spiritual master. Everything one possesses should be offered to him, for it is enjoined that one should deliver whatever he has to the spiritual master. The ''brahmacārī'' in particular is supposed to beg alms from others and offer them to the spiritual master. However, one should not imitate the behavior of an advanced devotee or ''mahā-bhāgavata'' without being self-realized, for by such imitation one will eventually become degraded.

In this verse Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī advises the devotee to be intelligent enough to distinguish between the ''kaniṣṭha-adhikārī, madhyama-adhikārī'' and ''uttama-adhikārī''. The devotee should also know his own position and should not try to imitate a devotee situated on a higher platform. Śrīla Bhaktivinoda Ṭhākura has given some practical hints to the effect that an ''uttama-adhikārī'' Vaiṣṇava can be recognized by his ability to convert many fallen souls to Vaiṣṇavism. One should not become a spiritual master unless he has attained the platform of ''uttama-adhikārī''. A neophyte Vaiṣṇava or a Vaiṣṇava situated on the intermediate platform can also accept disciples, but such disciples must be on the same platform, and it should be understood that they cannot advance very well toward the ultimate goal of life under his insufficient guidance. Therefore a disciple should be careful to accept an ''uttama-adhikārī'' as a spiritual master.
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